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晋太宗宣武帝实录30

    陈牧:寡人闻国有运,汉唐皆数百岁,何也?先生教我。

    萧凡:臣以为,盖以道治国,道者,所繇适于治之路也,仁、义、礼、乐,皆其具也,故圣王已没,而子孙长久,安宁数百岁,此皆礼乐教化之功也。

    陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。

    mu:I‘veheardthateverydynastyhadalifespan,TheHanandTangdynastieswereallhundredsofyearsold,Sirtaughtmewhy?

    xiaofan:Ithink,Thisisbecausethetryisgoverherightway,Andthesewaysaregooverhetry,Itincludesbenevolence,righteousness,etiquette,andmusic,Thus,afterthedeathoftheHolyKing,theirdesdantswereabletostabilizethetryforhundredsofyears,Thisisallduetoindoation。

    mu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteags。

    陈牧:今朝议汹汹,寡人当如何处之?先生教我。

    萧凡:臣以为,天下之祸不由于外,皆兴于内。是故虞舜先除四凶,然后用十六相,明恶人不去,则善人无由进也。今乱起于赵、魏,此皆衅发萧墙,而祸延四海者也,贼党虽盛,不足为庙堂忧也。臣之所惧,在于治水不自其源,末流弥增其广耳。大王仁德宽容,多所不忍,故阉竖弄权,忠臣不进,汉唐之鉴犹在前耳,大王宜思虞舜四罪之举,速行谗佞之诛,则善人思进,奸凶自息矣。

    陈牧:非先生之言,寡人几不悟也,当为卿斩之以靖天下。

    mu:Nowadays,thereisalotofseriousdiscussioniing,HowshouldIhahis?Sirtaughtme。

    xiaofan:Ithink,Intheworld,mostdisastersocternallyratherthaernally,Therefore,Shunfirstkilledthetraitorsbeforeappointingthecourtiers,Forifthetraitorisihenthesaintwillnoteout,Now,therewasachaosinZhaoahisisbecauseproblemswithinthegoverhavetriggeredexternalchaos,Althoughtherearemanythieves,youdon‘thavetoworry,WhatIfearisthatproblemswithinthegoverwillnotberesolved,Theernalchaoswillexpand,Youareverykindandtolerant,soyou‘tbeartodothat,Butiftheeunuchisihenthesagewillnoteout,YouknowthelessonsoftheHanandTangdynasties,Sodothemistakesofthepast,Therefore,youshouldfollowShun‘sexampleandkilltheeunuchs,Onlyinthiswaythechaosbesolvedandthesageseout。

    mu:Withoutyoureducation,Iwouldnothavebeeo,Forthesakeofnationalstability,Iimmediatelyorderedtheirexecution。

    陈牧:今天下承平,赵、魏何故反也?寡人甚惑之,先生教我。

    萧凡:臣讯其反状,咸言:赋敛过重,百姓莫不空单。京师遥远,告冤无所,民不聊生,故聚为盗贼尔。大王当移书告示,各使安其资业,招抚荒散,蠲复徭役,诛斩渠帅为大害者,简选良吏试守诸县,岁间荡定,百姓以安。

    陈牧:使百姓流离,此乃寡人之不德也,谨奉先生之教。

    mu:Today,theworldisatpeace,butwhydidthepeopleofZhaoandWeirebel?I‘mveryfusedaboutthat,Sirtaughtme。

    xiaofan:Ihaveinterrogatedseveralpeople,Theysaythetaxesaretooheavytoafford,Theywaoappealtheirgrievances,butthecapitalwastoofaraeople‘slivesaresodifficultthatthey‘tsurvive,Sotheyhadnochoicebuttorebel,Youshouldorderthelocalgoveroresumeprodu,Andtorecruitandappeasedispcedpersons,Youshouldreduceyourservitudeandkillthemaincriminalleaders,Thenyousendthesagestogoverntheties,Ihanayear,itwillsettledown。

    mu:It‘smyfaultthatpeoplehavesuffered,Irespectfullyacceptyourteags。

    陈牧:今将军王楷兵围清河,自六月至八月而不拔,朝臣奏征其班师,寡人当如何处之,先生教我。

    萧凡:臣以为,昔秦用白起,燕任乐毅,皆旷年历载,乃能克敌。王楷讨清河已有功效,引师东指,方略已设;临军易将,兵家所忌,宜假日月,责其成功,愿大王勿有廉颇之憾。

    陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。

    mu:IthadwomonthssihegeneralWangKaihadbesiegedQiithasbeenquered,Therefore,theministersadvisedmetoretreat,WhatshouldIdoaboutit?Sirtaughtme。

    xiaofan:Ithink,WheeofQinappointedBaiQiaeofYanappointedLeYi,ittookthemalongtimetoquertheenemy,GeneralWangKaihasalreadyachievedsomesuccessinthisbattle,Hehadledhisarmytoattacktheenemy‘seasternfnkandpleteditsstrategicdeployment,Itisnotappropriateforyoutogethegeneralnow,Ifyougivehimsomemoretime,hewilldefinitelyquerit,Ihopeyoudretit,Becauseofthereptofgenerals。

    mu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteags。

    陈牧:今西北兵乱不解,征发天下役赋无已,侍郎以为宜弃敦煌,寡人当如何处之,先生教我。

    萧凡:臣以为,侍郎当斩,昔樊哙以冒顿悖逆,愤激思奋,未失人臣之节,季布犹曰‘哙可斩也’。今敦煌西北要冲,国家藩卫。汉高之时,使郦商别定陇右;世宗拓境,列置四郡,议者以为断匈奴右臂,今亦然也,侍郎不念为国思弭之之策,乃欲割弃一方万里之土,臣窃惑之!若使契丹之虏得居此地,士劲甲坚,因以为乱,此天下之至虑,社稷之深忧也,当谴车骑将军郭况镇之。

    陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人意决矣,置安西都护府,以断契丹之右臂。

    mu:Nowadaystherearefrequentwarsihwest,Therefore,thetaxesuheworldarealsoveryheavy,SomeministersadvisedmetoabandonDunhuang,WhatshouldIdoaboutit?Sirtaughtme。

    xiaofan:Ithink,Theseministersshouldbeputtodeath,WhentheXiongnukingwasarrogant,FanKuanwassoangrythathewaofightbackimmediately,Hedidnotlosehisdisciplineasaminister,ButJibustillthinksheshouldbeexecuted,NowDunhuangisastrategicfortressihwest,Anditisthedefenselihetry,FromThetimeofLiuBangtoLiuChe,ournorthwestdefensivelinewasestablished,ThereasonforthiswastotaintherightwingoftheHuns,Itisalsopracticaltoday,Theseministersdidnotwanttoresisttheenemy,butgaveupterritory,I‘mfusedaboutthat,IftheKhitanonceoccupiedthispdunchedanattack,Thentheworldwillfallintowar,Therefore,youshouldimmediatelysendGeneralGuoKuangtorescueDunhuang。

    mu:Sirisright,Ialreadyhadadeyheart,IwaablishamilitarydistrithenorthwestwiththeaimofcuttingofftherightfnkoftheKhitans。

    陈牧:寡人闻,知足常乐,何也?先生教我。

    萧凡:臣以为,不知足则失所欲,故知足之足,常足矣,览往事之成败,察将来之吉凶,未有于名要利,欲而不厌,而能保世持家、永全福禄者也。

    陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

    mu:I‘veheardthatteisalwayshappy,Sirtaughtmewhy?

    xiaofan:Ithink,Ifyouarenotsatisfied,youwilllosewhatyouwant,Onlybybeingtentyoubefulfilledandhappy,Lookatexamplesofprevioussuccessesandfailures,ahowgoodorbadthefuturewillbe,Insatiablepeopleareuoprotectthemselvesandtheirfamilies,Theyareevenlesslikelytoattainalifetimeofriches。

    mu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteags。

    陈牧:寡人着令举贤,而各郡荐才甚少,何也?先生教我。

    萧凡:臣以为,十室之邑,必有忠信,三人并行,厥有我师,今或至阖郡,而不荐一人,是化不下究,而积行之君子,壅于上闻也,大王当诏令,进贤受上赏,蔽贤蒙显戮,以明古之遗意。

    陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。

    mu:Iorderpeopletoreendtalent,butveryfewpeoplearereendedeverywhere,Sirtaughtmewhy?

    xiaofan:Ithink,Theremustbeloyandfaithfulpeopleinadozenorsofamilies,Theremustbemyteacherindealingwithpeople,Thisishappeningnowbecauseyourdecreesotbeveyedtothelocalities,andthesagesotbeselected,Youshouldissueadecreerewardingthosewhoelecttheunishingthosewhoobstructthewise,Onlyinthiswaythestatusquobeged。

    mu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteags。